由Various Associates万社设计打造完成的龚宅，以实用舒适性为出发点，关注家庭使用者的真实需求，以在地化思维研发适于当地的建造材料，将城里的生活方式与乡村的建筑自然咬合，在永嘉古村落，打造一处适合家人、朋友相聚并且居住舒适的家宅。
Gong’s House, designed by Various Associates, prioritizes functionality and comfort to address the real needs of the family. The design team has developed and incorporated localized building materials, integrating the urban lifestyle with the natural environment of the countryside, and offering a comfortable gathering and dwelling space for the family and their friends in the ancient village of Yongjia.
一 村庄与家宅
Village and family residence
朦胧烟雨中，江南的水山如墨染写意，宁谧而幽广。龚宅便建在这悠扬动人的风景之中，一个位于浙江永嘉北部，楠溪江源头的村落里，这里三面环峰，中间的田垄层叠展开，遇上江南阴雨连绵，远处的草甸汇集成湖，围合出一片只属于永嘉的秘境。
Amidst the misty drizzle, the waters and mountains of Jiangnan unfold as if they were ink paintings, creating a serene setting for Gong’s House. Nestled in a village in northern Yongjia, Zhejiang, at the source of the Nanxi River, the house is embraced by peaks on three sides and terraced fields in the middle. During Jiangnan’s continuous rains, distant meadows morph into lakes, transforming the landscape into a secluded realm exclusive to Yongjia.
二 为了相聚而建造
Built for reunion
龚家老人一直居住在乡村里，但孩子几人早已在不同城市安定下来。屋主龚先生早年出外打拼，如今在北京生活多年，生活习惯的改变以及需求发生了巨大改变。加上人丁兴旺，每逢佳节，兄弟姐妹六人携家人回乡相聚时可达30多人，原始村屋的条件早已无法满足家人团聚时的需求。
The elderly of the Gong family live in the countryside, while the younger generation has settled in different cities. Mr. Gong, the homeowner, has been living in Beijing for many years, where his lifestyle has evolved significantly. With a large family, when all six siblings come back with their family and gather in the countryside during festivals, the old village house could not satisfy the needs of over 30 family members.
更甚之，如今的永嘉乡下已然物是人非，早已适应城市化生活的龚先生每每回乡总能感觉到各种不便利。生活方式的差异让兄弟姐妹几人回乡的次数少而时间短暂，对于他们来说并不是不想回去，而是乡村的生活设施不尽如人意。在乡村建造一个适合家人、朋友相聚并且居住舒适的房子，便成了建造这个项目的出发点。
Additionally, the changes in Yongjia’s countryside and Mr. Gong’s adaptation to urban life have made returning home inconvenient. As a result, the siblings visit less frequently and for shorter periods due to the unsatisfactory rural living facilities. Consequently, the family has embarked on a project to build a house in the countryside suitable for comfortable reunions for families and friends.
龚宅院墙之外便是村里的八角亭，那是村子里面人气最高的社区中心，清晨5点开始热闹，留守的老年人早起唠嗑。龚宅院落的设计初衷是保证使用者的私密性，同时对外区域更友好及开放。大门在旁侧开敞，除了乡亲们，经常会有陌生人探头进来，对这栋建筑充满好奇，热情的龚老夫妻常会带着新朋友进龚宅游览。这个地方似乎顺理成章的成为了新朋旧友们都喜爱的据点。
Beyond the perimeter wall of Gong’s House stands an octagonal pavilion, a beloved community hub where the village’s elderly gather early each morning. The courtyard design masterfully balances privacy with openness, featuring a main gate that invites both villagers and curious visitors to peek inside. The hospitable elderly Gong couple often lead new acquaintances on tours of the house, making it a beloved base for both old and new friends.
房子的门窗，是杨东子身为浙江人对江南的印象。”江南的房子层层叠叠，错落有致。从远处透过烟雨望来，只有那开灯的窗户从朦胧中穿过，形成一个抽象的、由不同大小的发光方块组成的画面。那是我对江南房子的印象。“除此之外，这是个不需要造景的地方。自然光和流动的风，这些在城里穷尽各种技术去还原的自然，在永嘉唾手可得。万社希望，让城里的生活方式与乡村的建筑自然咬合，去打造一处适合城市生活方式的住宅。
The design of the doors and windows reflects designer Dongzi Yang’s impression of Jiangnan. “The vernacular houses exude a sense of layered and staggered orderliness, creating a picturesque scene when viewed from a distance through the misty rain. The glowing windows piercing through the haze form an abstract composition of varying sizes of cubes, leaving a lasting impression. Beyond its natural beauty, Jiangnan offers an abundance of natural light and flowing wind, elements often artificially replicated in urban settings.” Various Associates intended to seamlessly blend urban lifestyle with rural architecture, crafting a residence that perfectly complements modern living while embracing the tranquility of Yongjia.
三 会呼吸的建材，会呼吸的建筑
Breathable materials & Breathable building
在项目三年的推演过程之中，万社深入地了解了很多传统民居的建造方式，比如夯土墙，这种原本兴起且广泛被应用的乡村营造方式，由于当下农村劳动力或者技艺的流失，需要付出高额代价才能实现。反倒是城市化的搭建语言在新农村之中更容易被运用和推广，因为其简单、易行和高效。但很多城市的语言与周遭的自然很难产生对话，所以万社尝试从根本上解决问题，即建造原料。
Throughout the three-year deduction and development of the project, Various Associates have delved deeply into traditional construction approaches for rural dwellings, such as rammed earth walls. However, these local methods face significant implementation challenges due to the scarcity of rural labor and specialized skills. Conversely, urban construction methods offer simplicity, feasibility, and efficiency, making them easier to adopt and promote in modern rural construction. However, these approaches often fail to resonate with the local context. In response, Various Associates embarked on a journey to fundamentally address these challenges starting from the choice of building materials.
∇ © 万社设计 VARIOUS ASSOCIATES © VARIOUS ASSOCIATES
草本砖就是基于此目的研究而成。这是一种可用于快速乡村建造且环保的单位模块材料，通过回收的草本植物秸秆等植物纤维添加其他粘合物糅合而成的”可呼吸的草本砖“。它是可批量化制作的，其”配方“基底取于自然，容易本地化，可根据需求定制尺寸，结合多变的堆砌方式呈现一种自然当代的墙体语言。
This exploration facilitated the development of the herbal brick, an environmentally friendly modular material tailored for efficient rural construction. Composed of recycled herbal plants such as straws, other plant fibers, and cementing substances, the herbal brick embodies a “breathable” quality. Its formula, derived from natural elements, supports mass production and allows for easy localization and customization to meet specific size requirements. It presents a contemporary yet natural aesthetic to the walls with a range of brick patterns.
结合建筑逻辑推敲的门窗组合方式，自然风的流入和贯穿，取代了新风系统；实验自然光在不同时间段照射进来的范围、照度和体感，引导着家庭活动之中行为的发生。而由万社研发并运用至屋内的草本砖，极大地保证了室内温度的稳定性，将冷热能流失的消耗降到最低，甚至可以在温州最难熬的黄梅天为房子”止汗“。
Incorporating the architectural principles into the configuration of doors and windows, the Various Associates team harnessed natural ventilation effectively, negating the necessity for a centralized ventilation system. Experiments evaluating the intensity, brightness, and ambient feel of natural light throughout the day inform the layout to enhance daily family activities. Indoors, the herbal bricks provide exceptional thermal stability, significantly reducing energy usage for temperature regulation. They even mitigate moisture retention (“stop sweating”) during Wenzhou’s most humid rainy seasons.
走进龚宅，目光所及处是大片温暖的棕色调，凸显着材质的质朴和空间氛围的平和。全柚木的包裹感于无形中，为这个可容纳30口人之家的空间铺就出家一般的安宁，无论是兄弟姐妹、妯娌连襟，还是长者孙辈均可共处一室，享受彼此陪伴。建筑立面上的窗户系统如江南花窗般组合成灵动的画框，与混合草本植物秸秆的草本砖，营造出一种不造作的自然美学，让功能与美观同在。
Upon entering the Gong House, residents are embraced by a spacious, welcoming environment adorned in warm brown tones that evoke simplicity and tranquility. The teak wood design radiates a sense of enveloping and accommodates the large Gong family, totaling 30 members spanning multiple generations including siblings, in-laws, grandparents, and grandchildren. This space facilitates gatherings where family members can enjoy each other’s company. The facade features a window system reminiscent of floral lattice windows in Jiangnan, complemented by herbal bricks made from a mix of herbal plants and straws, showcasing a natural aesthetic and enhancing both functionality and beauty.
一层的平面是餐厅以及侧厅，两者以一个后勤功能的长廊道相连。侧厅是龚家老人们打麻将的地方，相连的两个立面的门分别通向院落及鱼塘，平日只要打开门窗，舒适的对流可以让空间保持凉爽的状态。此外，常日里街坊串门前在大门口探出头喊一声后，老人随即在屋内回应，对喊式沟通在此处倒是显得非常自在。
The ground floor is carefully planned, with a dining area and a side hall connected by a long corridor that serves logistical purposes. The side hall is a favorite spot for elderly Gong family members to gather for mahjong, conveniently connected to the courtyard and fish pond through adjacent doors. Usually, opening doors and windows ensures comfortable cross-ventilation, maintaining a cool and pleasant indoor environment. Additionally, the relaxed atmosphere is further enriched by the tradition of elderly family members conversing with neighbors outdoors, adding a communal charm to daily life at Gong House.
四 独乐不如众乐，共享空间的趣味及层次
Have fun together & Enjoy multi-faceted shared spaces
主厅上方的区域是为儿童设计的，通长的空间连接了主厅和侧厅，小孩可以在玩耍的过程中随时看到长辈们的活动，长辈们也可以通过跟小孩对话随时了解动态。半高的柜体兼顾收纳的同时，也考虑到了儿童安全的问题。这片小小的夹层区域就是小孩子安稳玩耍的天地。
The upper area above the main hall has been thoughtfully designed with children in mind, featuring a continuous space that seamlessly connects to both the main hall and the side hall. This layout allows children to play freely while observing the activities of their elders, fostering a sense of connection within the family. Parents and grandparents can easily interact with the children and supervise them closely from any vantage point. The semi-high cabinet serves a dual purpose, providing storage and ensuring the safety of the children. This small mezzanine area is dedicated to safe playful exploration for children.
游的乐趣延续在房子其中，顶楼区域的平面以环绕型的动线将空间自动分割成四部分，楼梯间、洗手间、沙发区、观影区，以满足不同需求。开放的空间、通透的动线及原色的草本砖墙体，给予一种舒适惬意的氛围。
The joy of play extends throughout the entire house. The layout of the top floor plan is organized in a circular circulation, dividing the space into four functional zones: the stairwell, bathroom, sofa area, and movie viewing area, catering to diverse family needs. The open space and smooth flow, complemented by the natural hues of the herbal brick walls, contribute to a comfortable and cozy atmosphere.
微斜的屋顶保留了乡村房子的特色，在此处，自然光的引入为白天提供了舒适、稳定及温和的光源环境。
The slightly sloping roof preserves the rural house aesthetic while introducing ample natural light into the interior, creating a soft and stable daylight environment during the day.
唾手可得的迥异风光，透过两扇横卷轴对称的大窗，钻进这个位于顶层的会客空间。开放而组团的方式，连接着永嘉的风景之余，随着小区域不同的家庭娱乐四散开来。合理的利用及留白，为使用场景创造可能性。
The top-level reception space features distinctive breathtaking views framed by two large horizontally symmetrical scroll windows. Its open and clustered layout integrates seamlessly with the scenic vistas of Yongjia, creating pockets of space for diverse family activities. Thoughtful spatial planning maximizes functionality while leaving room for spontaneous interactions and flexible creative uses.
顶楼的客厅由四组沙发组群和一组小餐桌组成，看风景的、喝茶吃瓜子的、看电影、聊天的都能找到合适的区域。谈话的间隙抬眼，即可偶遇窗外山峦隐隐，心目双悦。自由的氛围让来客在此舒坦肆意，享受乡间一聚。
In the living room on the top floor, four groups of sofas and a small dining table are strategically arranged, offering designated areas for enjoying the scenery, sipping tea, eating snacks, watching movies, and engaging in conversations. This versatile environment encourages relaxed and comfortable gatherings, where the serene beauty of the countryside unfolds just beyond the expansive windows.
五 用都市的精致感来框景永嘉
Enframed scenery of Yongjia with an urban refinement
春日绿意嫣然，冬日雪映山河，风景变换莫测，惬意且松散。看似随意散漫的开窗，实则暗含逻辑。这是可以”变焦“的窗景。每一扇开窗的长宽比例都是经过讨论、测试而成，反复推敲窗户嵌入墙面的深浅，这关乎不同时间段阳光的反射，也关乎邻里关系。窗对于周遭的意义，除了向外舒展，还有向内滋养。
During spring, the surroundings of Gong House come alive with a lush enchanting atmosphere, while winter transforms the landscape into a serene scene of snow-covered mountains and rivers. This ever-changing scenery creates a comfortable and relaxed ambiance throughout the year. The seemingly casual arrangement of windows conceals a thoughtful design logic, offering “zoomable” views that enhance the experience of the landscape. Each window’s length-to-width ratio has been meticulously studied and tested, and its depth within the wall carefully considered. This consideration extends to the reflection of sunlight at different times and the relationship with neighbors. Beyond their outward vistas, the windows serve as conduits for internal enrichment.
高低大小不一的框景，除了在公区，也将绿意框进房间里，为房间增添不少的活力。这座拥有七间房间的家，并不显得拥挤，每个房间都有属于自己的框景，使得每次家人朋友们的入住都多了些期待。
Varied in height and size, they not only adorn public areas but also frame greenery into the rooms, infusing vitality into every living space. Despite housing seven rooms, Gong House never feels overcrowded; each room enjoys its own framed view, heightening the anticipation and enjoyment of family and friends during their stay.
六 从外到内，其乐融融
Harmony throughout the interior and exterior
”这个房子从外往里看，你完全看不出这栋房子有几层，它具有迷惑性的关系逻辑，实则是严谨的工程制图，而非随机创作。“万社设计创始人及设计总监杨东子说。咬合、对话、关联、相互成就，这不仅对房子本身来说，也是与周遭的环境来说。
“When you gaze at this house from the outside, the number of floors remains a mystery,” remarked Dongzi Yang, founder and design director of Various Associates. “It’s a meticulously planned engineering marvel, not a haphazard creation.” The design epitomizes interlocking elements, meaningful dialogue, seamless connections, and mutual accomplishments, not just within the house itself but also within its surrounding context.
这个建筑、室内、材料一体化的私宅，融于乡野环境中但并不隐匿。以实用舒适性为出发点，关注家庭使用者的真实需求，实现了一个真正意义的团聚之地。
This private residence seamlessly integrates architectural features, interior design, and materials, harmoniously blending into the rural landscape while asserting its unique identity. Emphasizing practical comfort and meeting the genuine needs of the family, it has evolved into a space that fosters genuine togetherness.
∇ 平面图 © 万社设计 VARIOUS ASSOCIATES Plan © VARIOUS ASSOCIATES
∇ 剖面图 © 万社设计 VARIOUS ASSOCIATES Section © VARIOUS ASSOCIATES
项目信息
项目名称：龚宅
项目地点：中国浙江永嘉
完成时间：2024.01
项目业主：龚先生
项目类型：建筑设计/室内设计/软装设计/景观设计/材料研发
项目面积：建筑 800 ㎡/景观 248 ㎡
设计公司：万社设计 VARIOUS ASSOCIATES
主持设计：林倩怡、杨东子
设计团队：黄永良、林良吉、罗超、曹玥雯
项目摄影：雷坛坛
Project name: Gong’s House
Project location: Yongjia, Zhejiang, China
Completion time: January 2024
Client: Mr. Gong
Project scope: Architectural design / interior design / soft decoration design / landscape design / material research and development
Area: Building 800 ㎡ / Landscape 248 ㎡
Design firm: Various Associates
Chief designers: Qianyi Lin, Dongzi Yang
Design team: Yongliang Huang, Liangji Lin, Chao Luo, Yuewen Cao
Photographer: Jonathan Leijonhufvud
