Faulkner Architects | 加州一对环境科学家之家-设计风向

客户是一对环境科学家夫妇，他们和两个儿子一起，从奥克兰山搬到了气候更温暖的奥林达。他们对可持续发展的承诺，包括要求每年实现净零能耗，在整个设计过程中体现得很明显。房子有三间卧室，最初是由一座1954年建的牧场房屋改造而来，它坐落在一座小山脚下，旁边是一条季节性的小溪。在发现现有的结构和土壤不合适之后，该方向决定在一棵生长在原住宅附近的山谷橡树的阴影下，重新利用现有的足迹。原住宅幸存的部分是用混凝土包裹的壁炉，用作结构支撑。这使得额外的分级没有必要，并允许新房子保持与老橡树的亲密关系。

The clients are a couple of environmental scientists who, along with their two sons, relocated from the Oakland Hills to the warmer climate of Orinda. Their commitment to sustainability, including a request for net-zero energy performance annually, was evident in their thinking throughout the design process. A three-bedroom program began as a remodel of a 1954 ranch house at the foot of a hill next to a seasonal creek. After finding the existing structure and soils to be unsuitable, the direction settled on reusing the existing footprint under the shade of a Valley Oak that had grown up close to the original house. The surviving portion of the original house is the fireplace which was wrapped in concrete and utilized for structural support. This made additional grading unnecessary and allowed the new house to maintain the same intimate relation to the old oak.

该家庭希望有一个开放的生活布局，并直接连接到景观。夹层平面演变成两层高的家庭空间，主卧室和书房堆叠在厨房和角落上方。在楼下，沿着可扩展的走廊有一间次要卧室，围绕着位于厨房和家庭娱乐室之间的户外用餐区。

The family desired an open living layout that connected directly to the landscape. A mezzanine plan evolved with a double height family space nested with a master bedroom and study stacked above the kitchen and nook. A screened pacing deck for long phone calls shades the upper level from afternoon summer sun. Downstairs, secondary bedrooms along an extendable hallway, wrap an outdoor dining area situated between the kitchen and family room.

一次性材料的选择（例如Corten钢和喷浆混凝土基础）降低了细节的复杂性和人工成本，从而可以将大部分预算重新分配给升级的机械，隔热和玻璃系统。有限的和景观驱动材料的总和提供了一个放松和安静的建筑环境，让感官专注于自然环境。

Single use material selections such as the Corten steel and shotcrete foundation reduced complexity in detailing and labor costs allowing a larger portion of the budget to be reallocated for upgraded mechanical, insulation, and glazing systems. The same attitude for interior finishes produced acoustically insulated, unfinished oak ceilings and walls. The sum total of the limited and landscape-driven materials presents a relaxed and quiet built environment that allows the senses to focus on the natural environment. A haptic connection to the rhythms of our planet is evident.

一个8.1千瓦的光伏系统提供现场可再生能源，产生的电能比房子第一年使用的还要多。雨水通过瀑布从走廊尽头的屋顶收集。埋在地下的水箱储存水，供厕所和洗衣房使用。废水被单独收集，并重新用于灌溉。电子换向电机和变速热泵用于进一步限制能源使用和控制加热和冷却。能量回收通风机用于提供新鲜空气。

An 8.1kW photovoltaic system provides on-site renewable energy and produced more electrical energy than the house used the first year. Rainwater is collected via a waterfall from the roof at the end of the hallway. Buried tanks store water for use in toilets and laundry. Greywater is collected separately and reused for irrigation. Electronically commutated motors and variable speed heat pumps are used to further limit energy use and control heating and cooling. An energy recovery ventilator is used to provide fresh air.